{"id":6719,"date":"2016-01-21T15:09:16","date_gmt":"2016-01-21T15:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/?p=6719"},"modified":"2016-01-21T15:09:57","modified_gmt":"2016-01-21T15:09:57","slug":"los-mime-types","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/","title":{"rendered":"Los MIME Types"},"content":{"rendered":"

Los MIME Types (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) son un identificador de dos partes para formatos de archivos y contenidos de formato de transmisi\u00f3n en Internet.<\/p>\n

Para mayor simplicidad a estas 2 partes se les puede llamar general y particular. Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n

image\/gif<\/p>\n

La parte general indica que es una imagen y la parte particular indica que es con formato GIF.<\/p>\n

Cuando estamos trabajando con subida de archivos con PHP una de las validaciones que debemos hacer es el control del tipo de archivo que se est\u00e1 subiendo.<\/p>\n

El tipo de archivo se puede conseguir f\u00e1cilmente usando la variable global $FILES ya que est\u00e1 incluido en este array.<\/p>\n

En el ejemplo en funcionamiento tenemos 2 ejemplos. Nos vamos a centrar a explicar el de las im\u00e1genes ya que es m\u00e1s completo.<\/p>\n

Creamos nuestro formulario simple que permite la subida de un archivo:<\/p>\n

<\/a>Source code<\/a><\/td><\/a> <\/a> <\/a> <\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>
<form<\/span><\/a> action<\/span>=<\/span>"index.php"<\/span> method<\/span>=<\/span>"post"<\/span> enctype<\/span>=<\/span>"multipart\/form-data"<\/span>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <div<\/span><\/a> class<\/span>=<\/span>"form-group"<\/span>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <label<\/span><\/a> for<\/span>=<\/span>"fileUpload"<\/span>><\/span>Archivo CSV<\/<\/span>label<\/span><\/a>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <input<\/span><\/a> type<\/span>=<\/span>"hidden"<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>"MAX_FILE_SIZE"<\/span> value<\/span>=<\/span>"2000000"<\/span> \/<\/span>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <input<\/span><\/a> type<\/span>=<\/span>"file"<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>"attachment"<\/span> class<\/span>=<\/span>"form-control"<\/span> \/<\/span>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/<\/span>div<\/span><\/a>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <div<\/span><\/a> class<\/span>=<\/span>"form-group"<\/span>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <button<\/span><\/a> type<\/span>=<\/span>"submit"<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>"submitCSV"<\/span> class<\/span>=<\/span>"btn btn-default button button-medium"<\/span>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <span<\/span><\/a>><\/span>Subir<i<\/span><\/a> class<\/span>=<\/span>"icon-chevron-right right"<\/span>><\/<\/span>i<\/span><\/a>><\/<\/span>span<\/span><\/a>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/<\/span>button<\/span><\/a>><\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/<\/span>div<\/span><\/a>><\/span>\n<\/<\/span>form<\/span><\/a>><\/span><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n
Se trata de un formulario que para permitir la subida de archivos le a\u00f1adimos el atributo enctype <\/strong>y tan solo tenemos un campo que nos permite seleccionar el archivo del PC y un bot\u00f3n de env\u00edo.<\/p>\n
Uno de los controles que hay que tener en cuenta tras enviar el formulario es el control del tipo de archivo que se est\u00e1 subiendo. En nuestro caso, tan solo queremos que sean im\u00e1genes con disntintas extensiones.<\/p>\n
Podemos declarar un array con los tipos que queremos:<\/p>\n
<\/a>Source code<\/a><\/td><\/a> <\/a> <\/a> <\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>
$mime_type_image<\/span> =<\/span> array<\/span><\/a>(<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 'png'<\/span> =><\/span> 'image\/png'<\/span>,<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 'jpe'<\/span> =><\/span> 'image\/jpeg'<\/span>,<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 'jpeg'<\/span> =><\/span> 'image\/jpeg'<\/span>,<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 'jpg'<\/span> =><\/span> 'image\/jpeg'<\/span>,<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 'gif'<\/span> =><\/span> 'image\/gif'<\/span>,<\/span>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 'bmp'<\/span> =><\/span> 'image\/bmp'<\/span>,<\/span>\n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n
Y controlar, por ejemplo, el bot\u00f3n del formulario de la siguiente forma:<\/p>\n
<\/a>Source code<\/a><\/td><\/a> <\/a> <\/a> <\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>
if<\/span> (<\/span>isset<\/span><\/a>(<\/span>$_POST<\/span>[<\/span>'submitImage'<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\n    if<\/span>(<\/span>!<\/span>in_array<\/span><\/a>(<\/span>$_FILES<\/span>[<\/span>'attachment'<\/span>]<\/span>[<\/span>'type'<\/span>]<\/span>,<\/span> $mime_type_image<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\n        echo<\/span> 'El archivo no es correcto. Debe tener extensi\u00f3n '<\/span>;<\/span>\n        foreach<\/span> (<\/span>$mime_type_image<\/span> as<\/span> $key<\/span> =><\/span> $value<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\n            echo<\/span> '.'<\/span>.<\/span>$key<\/span>.<\/span>', '<\/span>;<\/span>\n        }<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n    else<\/span> {<\/span>\n        echo<\/span> 'El archivo es correcto'<\/span>;<\/span>\n    }<\/span>\n}<\/span><\/pre><\/div><\/div>\n
Si se ha pulsado el bot\u00f3n de env\u00edo, revisamos si el tipo de archivo est\u00e1 en nuestro array previamente declarado con los tipos que deseamos.\u00a0 En el caso de que el tipo de archivo est\u00e9 en el array declarado, el archivo ser\u00e1 correcto para ser procesado, en caso contrario, no.<\/p>\n
Existen infinidad de tipos de archivos as\u00ed que esta t\u00e9cnica puede servir para considerar cualquier tipo de archivo.<\/p>\n
Ver ejemplo en funcionamiento<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Los MIME Types (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) son un identificador de dos partes para formatos de archivos y contenidos de formato de transmisi\u00f3n en Internet. Para mayor simplicidad a estas 2 partes se les puede llamar general y particular. Por ejemplo: image\/gif La parte general indica que es una imagen y la parte particular indica […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[103],"class_list":["post-6719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-php","tag-archivos"],"yoast_head":"\nLos MIME Types - Jose Aguilar Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Los MIME Types - Jose Aguilar Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Los MIME Types (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) son un identificador de dos partes para formatos de archivos y contenidos de formato de transmisi\u00f3n en Internet. Para mayor simplicidad a estas 2 partes se les puede llamar general y particular. Por ejemplo: image\/gif La parte general indica que es una imagen y la parte particular indica […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jose Aguilar Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/joseaguilarblog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-21T15:09:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-01-21T15:09:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"128\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"128\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jose Aguilar\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@JoseAguilarBlog\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@JoseAguilarBlog\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jose Aguilar\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/\",\"name\":\"Los MIME Types - Jose Aguilar Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-01-21T15:09:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-01-21T15:09:57+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e6d485db1e1140866e95971d17105d11\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png\",\"width\":128,\"height\":128},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Los MIME Types\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Jose Aguilar Blog\",\"description\":\"Desarrollo Web con PrestaShop, WordPress, PHP, jQuery y Ajax\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e6d485db1e1140866e95971d17105d11\",\"name\":\"Jose Aguilar\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/abbfef5f1d75260c549d0f2c2842bb697ba1aadff3b2836b39d2590c8a625415?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/abbfef5f1d75260c549d0f2c2842bb697ba1aadff3b2836b39d2590c8a625415?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Jose Aguilar\"},\"description\":\"Director ejecutivo y tecnol\u00f3gico en JA Modules. Experto programador PrestaShop y Experto programador WordPress.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/plus.google.com\/114357189801512615537\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/author\/josea902\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Los MIME Types - Jose Aguilar Blog","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Los MIME Types - Jose Aguilar Blog","og_description":"Los MIME Types (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) son un identificador de dos partes para formatos de archivos y contenidos de formato de transmisi\u00f3n en Internet. Para mayor simplicidad a estas 2 partes se les puede llamar general y particular. Por ejemplo: image\/gif La parte general indica que es una imagen y la parte particular indica […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/","og_site_name":"Jose Aguilar Blog","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/joseaguilarblog","article_published_time":"2016-01-21T15:09:16+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-01-21T15:09:57+00:00","og_image":[{"width":128,"height":128,"url":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Jose Aguilar","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@JoseAguilarBlog","twitter_site":"@JoseAguilarBlog","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Jose Aguilar","Tiempo de lectura":"2 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/","url":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/","name":"Los MIME Types - Jose Aguilar Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png","datePublished":"2016-01-21T15:09:16+00:00","dateModified":"2016-01-21T15:09:57+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e6d485db1e1140866e95971d17105d11"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/php2.png","width":128,"height":128},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/los-mime-types\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Los MIME Types"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/","name":"Jose Aguilar Blog","description":"Desarrollo Web con PrestaShop, WordPress, PHP, jQuery y Ajax","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e6d485db1e1140866e95971d17105d11","name":"Jose Aguilar","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/abbfef5f1d75260c549d0f2c2842bb697ba1aadff3b2836b39d2590c8a625415?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/abbfef5f1d75260c549d0f2c2842bb697ba1aadff3b2836b39d2590c8a625415?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Jose Aguilar"},"description":"Director ejecutivo y tecnol\u00f3gico en JA Modules. Experto programador PrestaShop y Experto programador WordPress.","sameAs":["https:\/\/plus.google.com\/114357189801512615537"],"url":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/author\/josea902\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6719","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6719"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6719\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6719"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6719"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jose-aguilar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6719"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}